Serum LDH And Uric Acid Level in Pre-Eclampsia and its Correlation withMaternal And Fetal Outcomes

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia is becoming a public health issue that contributes to feto-maternal morbidity and mortality. This study aims to measure serum LDH and Uric acid levels in Preeclampsia and to assess their correlation with fetal-maternal outcomes.

Methodology: This hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted at  National Medical College and Teaching Hospital. All patients were subjected to detailed patient history, general, physical and Obstetrics examinations, routine investigations and estimations of serum LDH and Uric Acid levels. Parametric variables were analyzed using the Student’s t-test, while non-parametric variables were assessed using the Chi-square test. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Among the 113 patients included in the study, the majority (75; 66.37%) were aged 21–30 years, with a mean age of 24.4 ± 4.99 years. Of the total patients, 52 (46.01%) were primigravida, and 37 (32.74%) had a gestational age of <34 weeks at presentation. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings in the non-severe/mild preeclampsia group were 144.26 ± 11.61 mmHg and 93.44 ± 7.93 mmHg, respectively, whereas in the severe preeclampsia group, the corresponding values were 164.42 ± 14.47 mmHg and 110.38 ± 9.06 mmHg. Serum LDH ≥600 IU/L and uric acid ≥6 mg/dL were significantly more frequent in severe preeclampsia compared to non-severe cases (73% vs 54%, p < 0.0001; 42.3% vs 23%, p = 0.028, respectively). Lower segment cesarean section (LSCS) was the most common mode of delivery in both groups.

Conclusion: The most frequently observed maternal complication was eclampsia, followed by abruptio placentae and HELLP syndrome. Among fetal complications, preterm birth and low birth weight were the most common findings.